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SUPPLEMENT SCIENCE
TweetSupplement Science:
Theanine Science - Theanine, pronounced "tea-anene" (as in tea), is an amino acid found only in tea and a single species of mushroom in its free amino acid form.
Brain Food: Aniracetam - Aniracetam was first reported as a nootropic in 1979, and this was followed by a large amount of research in both animals and humans.
Saw Palmetto - Saw palmetto is a small, shrubby, palmlike plant found in North America and the West Indies. It is most commonly used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
Citrulline Malate - Every athlete knows that the absolute requirement for performance is energy. The weightlifter, sprinter, swimmer and marathon runner relies on adequate energy for high power output.
7-OXO Science - Among the biological effects of DHEA are changes in the immune system, inflammation, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, anticarcinogenic effects, neuroprotection, and antioxidant effects.
Supplements for Depression - These are just a few of the many nutritional supplements that have application to depression and mental health.
Tyramine - Tyramine is a trace amine naturally found in the body and also found in multiple dietary sources. The highest concentrations of tyramine are found in aged cheeses and aged meat.
Brain Food: Piracetam II - Part II will discuss the effects piracetam has on the brain and their proposed mechanisms.
Brain Food: Piracetam I - This first article serves as a brief introduction to the original nootropic, piracetam.
5-Methyl-7-Methoxyisoflavone & Ipriflavone - The estrogenic effects of some isoflavones were first discovered in the 30's, when estrogenic effects were observed in animals feeding on plants rich in these substances.
Eurycoma Longifolia Overview - Eurycoma longifolia Jack is a shrub-tree that is traditionally used primarily as an aphrodisiac and for improving general health
Phenibut Science - Phenibut is a derivative of the neurotransmitter GABA that crosses the blood-brain barrier, with both nootropic and anxiety-reducing properties.
Milk Thistle Information - Milk thistle (silybum marianum) is a plant that has been used to treat liver diseases and promote liver health for centuries. It is presently one of the most commonly used medicinal plants worldwide.
Chocamine Description - Chocamine is a proprietary cocoa extract meant to provide the stimulation and health benefits of chocolate without any of the unnecessary, potentially unhealthy ingredients (such as sugar and fat).
Potassium Supplementation - Potassium is a mineral that plays numerous important functions in the body. While humans evolved on a diet very high in potassium and low in sodium, the modern diet is high and sodium and low in potassium.
5-HTP - 5-hydroxytryptophan is the immediate precursor to serotonin. Serotonin plays an important role in regulation of mood, appetite, body temperature, and the secretion of various hormones.
Branched Chain Amino Acids - Branched chain amino acids, or BCAA's, are a group of essential amino acids that play important roles in protein synthesis and energy production.
Introduction to Prohormones, Part II - This part will discuss the newer methylated prohormones and steroids and go into further depth on prohormone stacking.
ALA and ALCAR - Alpha lipoic acid and Acetyl-L-Carnitine are two nutrients that have been the subject of considerable research as of late. Both compounds display many impressive properties, and have many synergistic effects when combined.
Flaxseed Oil - Flaxseed oil is a rich source of essential fatty acids (EFAs), particularly the omega-3 fatty acid alpha linolenic acid (ALNA). ALNA and linoleic acid are considered to be the two primary EFAs.
Octopamine Science - In invertebrates, the role of octopamine is analogous to that of norepinephrine (NE) in vertebrates, and it is responsible for the "fight or flight" effect and fat mobilizing.
Phosphate Science - Ingestion of high amounts of phosphates, known as phosphate loading, as a method used by some endurance athletes to improve performance.
Androstenetrione and Estrogen Control - Androstenetrione, also known as 6-OXO, is a suicidal inhibitor of the enzyme aromatase.
Theobromine Science - Theobromine is a compound similar in structure to caffeine and a major component of cocoa and a minor component of coffee and tea.
Tribulus Information - Traditional uses include treatment of sexual impotency, edema, abdominal distention, cardiovascular disease, kidney problems, and as a cough remedy.
Buffering Agents and Exercise Performance - During high intensity exercise, the main source of energy is rapid glycolysis, a process that results in the production of high amount of lactate anions and hydrogen ions.
4-AD Technical Information - 4-androstenediol (4-AD) is an effective prohormone to testosterone. Naturally found in several tissues of the body, 4-AD is converted to testosterone.
Carbohydrates and Exercise Performance - One of the most reliable and inexpensive ways to increase exercise performance and recovery is carbohydrate supplementation.
DMAE Profile - DMAE is a naturally occuring analogue of choline. It is mareketed primarily as a memory enhancing agent and anti-aging nutrient.
Vitamin C Information - Vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble antioxidant vitamin and an essential cofactor for many enzymes.
D,L-Phenylalanine - DLPA plays an important role in providing the building blocks for dopamine and phenylethylamine (the body’s natural amphetamine) and has the ability to greatly increase the action of our endorphins.
Glutamine Supplementation - L-glutamine is the most abundant free amino acid in the body and also the most abundant amino acid the bloodstream. Originally considered to be nonessential because it can be readily, it has been established that glutamine can become essential under sta
Piracetam and the Mind - Piracetam is the most well-known nootropic agent. The word nootropic comes from Greek noos (mind) and tropein (towards), and refers to a class of drugs which have common properties including enhancement of learning and memory..
MSM and Joint Care - MSM (methylsulfonylmethane, dimethyl sulfone, DMSO2) is a naturally occuring thiol compound and one of the more popular dietary supplements for joint care.
Glycocyamine and Health - Glycocyamine, more commonly known as guanidinoacetate (GAA), is a member of a group of compounds known as guanidino compounds and is the immediate precursor to creatine in the body.
Methyl-1-Testosterone - Methyl 1-testosterone, or 17aa-1-testosterone, is the methylated version of the steroid 1-testosterone. Although it has only been widely available for a short period of time, feedback on this compound indicates that it may be the most effective legal pro
HPBCD Basics - One of the primary issues concerning steroids and prohormones is that of optimal delivery. While most drugs and supplements are taken orally, there are a number of reasons why this method is largely ineffective with most prohormones.
Caffeine Description - This article provides a thourough description of Caffeine, the most widely consumed psychoactive substance in the western world.
4-Hydroxytestosterone - 4-Hydroxytestosterone is a legal steroidal compound that is relatively new to the market. Unlike prohormones, 4-OHT does not require enzymatic conversion to have an anabolic effect.
1,4-Andro Information - 1,4-andro is the precursor to the steroid boldenone and well known as the most orally active prohormone.
Hydroxycitric Acid - Hydroxycitric acid (HCA) is the prinicpal acid found in the fruit rind of Garcinia cambogia. This species also has other bioactive components, such as biflavanoids, xanthones and benzophenones, but these play only a minor role in its biological activity.
Phosphatidylserine Science - Phosphatidylserine is the major phospholipid of brain synaptic membranes. It has been studied extensively and is considered to be an important brain cell nutrient.
Biotin and Health - Biotin (vitamin H) is a water-soluble vitamin that is usually classified as a B vitamin. It is required by all living organisms, but can be synthesized by plants and microorganisms. It plays multiple important roles in the body.
Taurine Information - Taurine is a conditionally essential amino acid that is the most abundant free amino acid in many tissues. Taurine is different than most other amino acids because it is not incorporated into proteins, but it does play many roles in the body.
Pantothenic Acid Profile - Pantothenic acid is essential to many animals for growth, reproduction, and normal physiological function. It also plays a critical role in skin care and acne prevention.
Conjugated Linoleic Acid - A multitude of physiological effects from CLA have been identified, including effects on body composition, serum glucose and insulin, carcinogenesis, cardiovascular variables, bone formation, and immune function.
Synephrine Science - Synephrine is an agonist of the alpha(1) adrenoreceptor, which is involved in many physiological processes.
1-Testosterone/1-AD Explained - Information pertaining to the most effective muscle building supplements presently on the market.
Cordyceps and Health - Cordyceps is an adaptogen that may be useful in increasing endurance, improving general health, and increasing testosterone levels. This article will examine some of the more well known pharmacological activities of cordyceps.
Pyruvate for Fatloss - Pyruvate is a three-carbon compound that occurs naturally in the body and is generated by the breakdown of glucose (glycolysis) and the catabolism of amino acids.
Rhodiola Profile - Rhodiola is a genus of alpine plants containing over 200 different species that grow throughout Europe, Asia, and Alaska with over 70 of these in China.
Ginger and Health - Ginger is a common part of the diet in many parts of the world.
Fish Oil - With the focus on concepts such as the glycemic index, macronutrient ratios,and food groups, essential fatty acids (EFAs) are one of the most neglectedaspects of nutrition in modern society. Omega-3s are of particularimportance in today's world.
Introduction to Prohormones - Prohormones are substances that are enzymatically converted to anabolic hormonesin the body. They are differentiated from anabolic steroids in that enzymeconversion is a rate limiting factor in how strong of a response they illicit.
Casein Profile - Casein is the predominant protein found in milk. While whey makes up about 20% of the protein content in cow milk, casein makes up the other 80%.
Essential Fatty Acid Primer: Part Two - How does our diet today differ from that of our ancestors? What is the role of fats in our biology that influences our health? What are the recommendations for essential dietary fats?
Green Tea - Green tea has become well known for its antioxidant,antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic effects. This article will examine the constituents of green tea and the various benefits they have to offer.
Magnesium Function - Magnesium is one of the most abundant minerals in the body and is a cofactor in over 300 enzymatic reactions.
Medium Chain Triglycerides - MCTs contain less calories per gram than other fats, and when consumed are processeddifferently in the body.
Calcium Science - In addition to being an integral part of bones, calcium plays roles in muscle contraction, blood clotting, the transmission of nerve impulses, enzyme activation, and the secretion of some hormones.
Whey Protein - A milk-derived protein that is highly bioavailable, fastacting, and inexpensive, and it has many qualities that make it superiorto most other protein sources, especially for the athlete.
Choline Description - Choline is used in the body for two main purposes, as a precursor to the neurotransmittor acetylcholine and to form lecithin.
Yohimbine Science - Yohimbine is now used primarily in veterinary medicine and in thetreatment of erectile dysfunction, and it may also be useful in the treatmentof obesity.
Chromium for Fatloss - Chromium picolinate is marketed as a supplement that reduces body fat, increases lean muscle, and improves insulin sensitivity, and is the second most popular dietary supplement after calcium.
Zinc Profile - Zinc is an essential trace mineral that plays many roles in the body. Itis a component of over 100 enzymes and plays key roles in reproductive function,immune function, and the transport of Vitamin A.
Essential Fatty Acids: A Primer - Nonetheless, what are fats? Are all fats the same? In this two-part series, I will present a basic introduction to fats with special attention to a class of fats called polyunsaturated fatty acids, or PUFAs for short.
L-Carnitine Description - This amino acid's ability to provide positive repartitioning for fat-loss and well-being are examined briefly in this paper, among many other uses of this supplement.
L-Tyrosine Profile - A brief, detailed description of this energy and weightloss enhancing amino acid is given here.
Whey Protein "Exposed" - Thoburn discects the information regarding whey and its often over-boasted ability to be quickly absorbed and digested by the body.
Forskolin for Fat Loss - This metabolic enhancers is examined for its practical uses in a fatloss regime.
Myostatin vs. Man - Can you short-circuit your ‘skinny’ genes? - The facts and myths about Myostatin are provided to shed some light on what some hail to be the pinnacle of next generation supplements.
Guggulsterones Guide - A quick overview of guggulsterones, exploring the science and use of such a product in a fat loss regimine.
ALA Information - A supplement information sheet compiled on the uses and chemistry of Alhpa Lipoic Acid, a popular glucose transport molecule and antioxidant.
Creatine Overview - An introduction to creatine, its use, and various types found in supplements today. This guide is meant to aid advanced and beginning atheletes alike in the process of selecting the proper creatine product.
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